Three Books from Indian Country

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Echo-Hawk’s book ought to retire the entire debate about judicial activism. It has become a conservative article of faith that judges should narrowly follow the law when deciding cases. But Echo-Hawk methodically picks apart that fiction. 

He shows that even sainted justices, such as John Marshall, invented legal theory from dust about the doctrine of discovery in Johnson v. M’Intosh . “Marshall claimed that the nation had no choice in how it dealt with the tribes and that the normal rules of international law did not apply,” Echo-Hawk wrote. “Thus, the normal rules governing the relations between the conqueror and conquered were simply ‘incapable of application’ in the United States. It was the Indians’ own fault.”

Marshall had a financial stake in the case that would not be permitted under today’s standards. And, Echo-Hawk points out, this was the same justice who at the end of his career became famous for Worcester v. Georgia , where he supported the sovereignty of the Cherokee Nation against the state.

The dark history that Echo-Hawk chronicles takes on another form in Roberta Ulrich’s book about termination, the ending of the federal government’s recognition of tribes. She does a good job of capturing the sheer force of personality of Sen. Arthur Watkins. The Utah Republican championed termination and would not listen to any alternative. 

In his “typical fashion” Watkins would let a Senate hearing witness speak for a few minutes and then badger the witness. He frequently interrupted, pestering repeatedly until the senator heard the answer he wanted, which was that “Indians should take the lead and stand on their own two feet and become full-fledged American citizens.” 

The Watkins and termination story is important today because the seeds of that disaster are sprouting again in public policy. (Kentucky Sen. Rand Paul recently proposed that the federal government end its recognition of the tribes .) The post-war environment, like today, was shaped by the idea that the U.S. government could no longer afford social programs for American Indians.

The third book, Alison Owings’ Indian Voices is Emma George. She’s Lemhi Shoshone, the Shoshone band that first encountered the explorers Lewis and Clark. The Lemhi reserved a small reservation on the Lemhi River through a treaty signed in 1875, but that document was never ratified, and after the turn of the century her people lost their land and began their long sad walk to Fort Hall. Yet for George and many other families from the Lemhi band home will always be back in Salmon River country.

Worcester Vs Georgia - News


Three Books from Indian Country

And, Echo-Hawk points out, this was the same justice who at the end of his career became famous for Worcester v. Georgia, where he supported the sovereignty of the Cherokee Nation against the state. The dark history that Echo-Hawk chronicles takes on



Summer Reading for Perspective on Current American Indian Policy Debates
Summer Reading for Perspective on Current American Indian Policy Debates

And, Echo-Hawk points out, this was the same justice who at the end of his career became famous for Worcester v. Georgia, where he supported the sovereignty of the Cherokee Nation against the state. The dark history that Echo-Hawk chronicles takes on



Honorable mentions

Nicholas R. Tucker of North Berwick, Maine, the son of Lisa Laurion of North Berwick, Maine, and Khasiem Abdullah of Worcester, Mass. Tucker majored in economics. He is a graduate of Noble High School. Andrew L. Joselow of Exeter, the son of Steve




Andrew Jackson Worcester vs Georgia: OurStory.com - Capture your ...

Georgia had been relentless to strip Cherokee lands and deny them rights. A minister named Samuel Worcester had been in the Cherokee Nation, helping the Cherokees. The Georgian government declared that white persons must have a permit in order to live in Cherokee lands, after noticing Worcester's influential power. After repealing to the Supreme Court, the Court ruled that the Cherokee nation had its right to have a title for its territory, and that the Georgian government could not do that. Although the Supreme Court ruled that, Jackson and Georgia ignored that decision.

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Worcester Vs Georgia - Bookshelf

Worcester V. Georgia, American Indian Rights

Worcester V. Georgia, American Indian Rights


The constitutional law of the United States

The constitutional law of the United States

Worcester v. Georgia. ln the great case of Worcester v. Georgia,18 decided in 1832, the question of the political status of the Indians again came before ...

The Cherokee Nation Vs. Georgia, The Forced Removal of a People

The Cherokee Nation Vs. Georgia, The Forced Removal of a People


The constitutional decisions of John Marshall

The constitutional decisions of John Marshall

Georgia. Note Cherokee Nation v. Georgia. Opinion Lessor of Fisher v. Cockerell. Note Lessor of Fisher v. Cockerell. Opinion Worcester v. Georgia. ...

Annual report of the American Historical Association

Annual report of the American Historical Association

Acts of Georgia General Assembly, 1831, pp. 259, 268. b For report of the case Worcester v. Georgia, sec fi Peters, p. 515 et seq. H. Doc. 702. pt. ...

Casual News Directory


Worcester v. Georgia - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Worcester v. Georgia, 31 U.S. (6 Pet.) 515 (1832), was a case in ... The Georgia state courts had previously been deferential to Worcester because of his ...

New Georgia Encyclopedia: Worcester v. Georgia (1832)
In the court case Worcester v. Georgia, the U.S. Supreme Court held in 1832 that the ... The Georgia government recognized that Worcester was influential in ...

Worcester v. Georgia


FindLaw | Cases and Codes
On the 22d December 1830, the legislature of the state of Georgia passed the following act: ... the state of Georgia, plaintiff, and Samuel A. Worcester, defendant, on an ...

Worcester v. Georgia
Worcester v. Georgia. CERTIORARI TO THE SUPERIOR COURT FOR THE COUNTY ... They also draw into question the validity of a statute of the State of Georgia ...